BIOETHICS AND EUGENICS: AKSIOLOGICAL DIALOGUE

In the article, in historical retrospect, various approaches are discussed addressing the global problems of mankind - reducing the number of hereditary diseases. Perceptions of genetic diversity and the regulation of marriage are reflected in the works of well-known philosophers. Special interest in such ideas was seen in the second half of the XIX century. It was the time when competitiveness between states and people have become increasingly high. People thought about creating a «dominant nation» which would become a winner over all its competitors. By the end of the XIX century eugenics was created - the science of improving the human race. Initially, eugenics tried to promote the idea of producing a healthy human, but by the twentieth century slogans aimed at reducing the spread of hereditary diseases began to appear. Soon, many scientists gave more thought about the ethical side and effectiveness of eugenic doings. Nowadays the society again started talking about the health of future generations, raising the issue of diseases prevention, including endogenous nature. The article shows that the nation's health issues currently acquire special scientific and axiological relevance.

bioethics, eugenics, philosophical problems of biomedicine