Selection of battery parameters for a M₁ category hybrid vehicle

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BACKGROUND: To optimize the operation of a hybrid vehicle power plant, it is necessary to select the parameters of its traction battery correctly, which significantly affect the control algorithm and charge-discharge balance. The presence of a method that helps to make a reasonable choice depending on the characteristics of the target vehicle, the conditions and modes of its operation will make it possible to increase energy efficiency indicators.

AIM: Development of the method for calculating the parameters of a hybrid vehicle traction battery using the energy charge-discharge balance of its power plant.

METHODS: A mathematical model of the charge-discharge energy balance has been proposed. Using this model, it is possible to make appropriate calculations on the amount of energy expended by the power plant when a vehicle moving through the stages of the European urban cycle, and to analyze various algorithms for controlling the power plant to achieve maximal energy efficiency, as well as to select capacity and power of a traction battery. The basis for the calculations was the cycle described in the UN Regulation No. 83.

RESULTS: The process of energy accumulation in a traction battery is considered, and criteria for choosing an algorithm for the operation of the vehicle’s power plant are indicated. The energy of vehicle motion in the urban cycle was determined, taking into account the operating time of the units, and the charge-discharge energy balance was calculated, which, in turn, made it possible to find the proper battery capacity. It has been found that the battery charge value at the end of the cycle should be equal to the initial value, which allows the use of a lower capacity battery and ensures maximal energy efficiency of the power plant. Also, based on the calculation results, recommendations were made regarding the optimization of the specific energy and weight-size parameters of the battery.

CONCLUSION: The proposed method is helpful to make a reasonable choice of а hybrid vehicle power plant parameters to ensure its energy efficiency.

作者简介

Alexander Shabanov

Moscow Polytechnic University

Email: saaha-1955@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2742-5311
SPIN 代码: 2711-5000

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Expert of the Expert Department

俄罗斯联邦, 38 Bolshaya Semyonovskaya street, 107023 Moscow

Alexey Esakov

Central Scientific and Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute (NAMI)

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: ravn@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4393-958X
SPIN 代码: 8766-5750
Researcher ID: AAW-3049-2021

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Ground Vehicles Department

俄罗斯联邦, 125438 Moscow

Vladislav Bernatsky

Moscow Polytechnic University

Email: vladislav_bern@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3754-8729
SPIN 代码: 1826-6290

канд. техн. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры «Наземные транспортные средства»

俄罗斯联邦, 38 Bolshaya Semyonovskaya street, 107023 Moscow

Pavel Krasavin

Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)

Email: krasavin.mami@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-5727-6843
SPIN 代码: 4763-5542

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Automobiles Department

俄罗斯联邦, 125319 Moscow

参考

  1. Zagarin DA, Sal’nikov VI, Shabanov AV, et al. Hybrid cars. Ways to increase their efficiency. Avtomobil’naya promyshlennost’. 2016;1:4–7. (In Russ.)
  2. Shabanov AV, Vanin VK, Esakov AE. Energy saving technologies and energy efficiency of motor transport power plants. Izvestiya MGTU «MAMI». 2021;4(50):83–91. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31992/2074-0530-2021-50-4-83-91
  3. Shabanov AA, Shabanov AV, Sokolov SA. To the issue of calculation of the traction battery charging balance of the vehicle combined power unit and the choice of its power. Trudy NAMI. 2018; 4 (273): 38–47. (In Russ.)
  4. Zagarin DA, Sal’nikov VI, Shabanov AV. Electric car batteries. Avtomobil’naya promyshlennost’. 2016; 5:24–27. (In Russ.)
  5. Karpuhin KE. Principles and algorithm of driving a car with a hybrid power plant [dissertation]. Moscow; 2008. (In Russ.)
  6. Shabanov AV, Bernackij VV, Sokolov SA. Modeling the work algorithm of a hybrid sports car. Avtomobil’naya promyshlennost’. 2020;6:10–16. (In Russ.)
  7. Zagarin DA, Shabanov AV, Lomakin VV et al. Harakteristiki kombinirovannyh energoustanovok gibridnyh avtomobilej. In: Proceedings of the Russian science conference «Progress transportnyh sredstv i sistem»; 2013 Sep 24–26. Volgograd; 2013:50–52. (In Russ.)
  8. Biksaleev RSH, Karpukhin KE, Klimov AV et al. Thermostating system simulation model of the passively cooled traction battery. Trudy NAMI. 2020;4(283):42–51. (In Russ.) doi: 10.51187/0135-3152-2020-4-42-51
  9. Malikov RR, Klimov AV, Biksaleev RSH et al. Simulation modeling of a traction battery as part of a vehicle. Avtomobil’naya promyshlennost’. 2022;5:8–13. (In Russ.)

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2. Fig. 1. Comparison of efficiency of the electric motors with various power [7]. The black lines indicate the areas corresponding to an electric motor with a power of 40 kW, the blue lines indicate the areas corresponding to an electric motor with a power of 60 kW.

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3. Fig. 2. The energy of the power plant of a M1 category vehicle, which is controlled by the algorithm that ensures a zero charge-discharge balance for the traction battery.

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4. Fig. 3. Dependence between power plant efficiency and charge balance.

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