A competency-based training model for national healthcare systems: the experience of Mudanjiang Medical University

The article systematizes the experience of Mudanjiang Medical University in the field of personnel training for the domestic healthcare system, which can be used in the educational activities of medical universities in other countries, primarily Russia. The result of the generalization is a competency-based model for training qualified doctors who are able to demonstrate effective and innovative approaches to solving professional problems, taking into account the specifics of the current situation. The study is based on the results of an analysis of current problems in the training of doctors for medical institutions in the northeastern regions of China bordering Russia. The situations common to Russia and China in the work of medical institutions are noted, related to the shortage of personnel in basic medical institutions, the aging of medical personnel, and the low level of professional competencies. These factors determine the need to develop new solutions. As an option for such a solution, it is proposed to introduce an innovative model of graduate training at a modern medical university, which is being implemented at Mudanjiang Medical University. The model is based on the integration of 3 types and 3 specializations in the training of medical personnel: applied, innovative, complex types of training and such areas of specialization of training as intellectualization, versatility, adaptation to elderly patients (abbreviated as “three types and three specializations”). The article substantiates the choice of appropriate pedagogical strategies, tactics and technologies in the form of restructuring curricula, creating intelligent practical platforms and developing ways and mechanisms of social support for professional personnel. The described model integrates achievements in the field of technological support, the introduction of innovative educational technologies, the implementation of scientific and applied content and social support for students of medical universities. It solves the problem of improving the efficiency of medical care, including primary health care, in border regions and optimizes the work of national medical services, in accordance with the government’s “China’s Health” strategy. This educational initiative and the experience gained as a result of its implementation in the learning process of medical students can be considered as a development option by Russian medical universities.