Medicine and BiotechnologyMedicine and BiotechnologyМедицина и биотехнологии3034-62313034-6258National Research Mordovia State University27871710.15507/3034-6231.001.202501.013-023yiswieInternal medicineВнутренние болезниReview ArticleHypereosinophilic Syndrome: Contemporary Approaches to Molecular-Genetic Diagnostics and Gene-Engineered Biologic TherapyГиперэозинофильный синдром: современные подходы к молекулярно-генетической диагностике и терапии генно-инженерными биологическими препаратамиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-00136602093133AAH-8091-20192024-5807BalykovaLarisa A.БалыковаЛариса Александровна
Russian Federation

Dr.Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences,Vice-Rector for Innovation in Biotechnology and Medicine

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондентРАН, проректор по инновационной деятельности в сфере биотехнологии и медицины

larisabalykova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-9353572010193906033-5816KrasnopolskayaAnna V.КраснопольскаяАнна Валерьевна
Russian Federation

Cand.Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics witha Course in Dietetics

кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры педиатриис курсом диетологии

akrasnopolskaja@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-56622141-2903ShirmankinaMarina V.ШирманкинаМарина Васильевна
Russian Federation

Assistant Professor of the Department of Pediatrics with a Course in Dietetics

ассистент кафедры педиатрии с курсом диетологии

shirmankina99@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-1526-2827MendesDiva Augusta T.МендесДива Аугушта Тавареш
Russian Federation

Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatrics with a course in Dietetics

аспирант кафедры педиатрии с курсом диетологии

dyvmendes@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-0160-0532KhaninaAnastasia M.ХанинаАнастасия Михайловна
Russian Federation

Student of the Medical Institute

студент Медицинского института

anastas.khanina@gmail.comNational Research Mordovia State UniversityНациональный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет210320251113230102202517022025Copyright ©; 2025, Балыкова Л.A., Краснопольская А.V., Ширманкина М.V., Мендес Д.A., Ханина А.M.Copyright ©; 2025, Балыкова Л.А., Краснопольская А.В., Ширманкина М.В., Мендес Д.А., Ханина А.М.2025Балыкова Л.A., Краснопольская А.V., Ширманкина М.V., Мендес Д.A., Ханина А.M.Балыкова Л.А., Краснопольская А.В., Ширманкина М.В., Мендес Д.А., Ханина А.М.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://medbiosci.ru/MedBiotech/article/view/278717

Introduction. In recent years, there has been a growing interest among researchers in conditions associated with hypereosinophilia and the therapeutic potential of genetically engineered biological agents. Hypereosinophilic syndrome remains an insufficiently studied issue encompassing a spectrum of disorders characterized by persistent eosinophilia and eosinophilic involvement of internal organs. The aim of this study is to systematize scientific literature data on novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for hypereosinophilic syndrome.Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on research publications selected based on the keywords “hypereosinophilia”, “hypereosinophilic syndrome”, “molecular-genetic studies”, “idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome” and “monoclonal antibody” from a cohort of full-text articles available in the electronic scientific databases eLibrary, PubMed, and Scopus between 2005 and 2024.Results. The hypereosinophilic syndrome is a rare condition, with a limited number of scientific observations available in the literature, primarily consisting of analyses of individual clinical cases. Data on the prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndrome in the pediatric population are extremely scarce. The causes of the syndrome are variable, and the clinical presentation is polymorphic, complicating the diagnostic process. Molecular-genetic research, including the detection of tyrosine kinase gene mutation types, contributes to solving this issue. First-line treatment involves glucocorticosteroids. It has been shown that genetically engineered biological agents are more effective in the treatment of primary hypereosinophilic syndrome, with their pathogenetically justified use associated with therapeutic progress.Discussion and conclusion. The hypereosinophilic syndrome is more commonly observed in young and middle-aged patients. Diagnostic criteria include persistent hypereosinophilia with organ damage or dysfunction, as well as the exclusion of other myeloid neoplasms. The use of genetically engineered biologic agents enables overcoming refractoriness, reducing the need for glucocorticosteroids, and preventing the development of drug-related complications.

Введение. В последние годы возрастает интерес исследователей к состояниям, сопровождающимся гиперэозинофилией, и возможностям терапии с применением генно-инженерных биологических препаратов. Гиперэозинофильный синдром является недостаточно изученной проблемой, которая охватывает ряд заболеваний, характеризующихся персистирующей эозинофилией с эозинофильным поражением внутренних органов. Цель исследования – систематизация данных научной литературы о новых методах диагностики и лечения гиперэозинофильного синдрома.Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ научных работ, отобранных по ключевым словам «гиперэозинофилия», «гиперэозинофильный синдром», «молекулярно-генетические исследования», «идиопатический гиперэозинофильный синдром», «моноклональное антитело» из когорты полнотекстовых публикаций, представленных в научных электронных библиотеках eLibrary, PubMed, Scopus в 2005–2024 гг.Результаты исследования. Гиперэозинофильный синдром является редким состоянием, в литературе представлено ограниченное количество научных наблюдений, в основном анализ отдельных клинических случаев. Крайне лимитированы данные о распространенности гиперэозинофильного синдрома в детской популяции. Причины синдрома вариабельны, а клиническая картина полиморфна, что осложняет путь к постановке диагноза. Решению проблемы способствует проведение молекулярно-генетического исследования с детекцией типа мутаций генов тирозинкиназы. В терапии препаратами первой линии являются глюкокортикостероиды. Показано, что более эффективными средствами лечения первичного гиперэозинофильного синдрома являются генно-инженерные биологические препараты, с патогенетически обоснованным применением которых связывают прогресс терапии.Обсуждение и заключение. Гиперэозинофильный синдром чаще встречается у пациентов молодого и среднего возраста. Диагностические критерии включают устойчивую гиперэозинофилию с повреждением / дисфункцией органов и исключение других миелоидных новообразований. Применение генно-инженерных биологических препаратов позволяет преодолеть рефрактерность, снизить потребность в глюкокортикостероидах и предупредить развитие лекарственных осложнений.

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