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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medicine and Biotechnology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Medicine and Biotechnology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медицина и биотехнологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-6231</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">National Research Mordovia State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">287807</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15507/3034-6231.001.202502.130-139</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">qwthyr</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pharmacology, clinical pharmacology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Фармакология, клиническая фармакология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The use of oral immunotherapy for the treatment of food allergies at the present stage</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение пероральной иммунотерапии для лечения пищевой аллергии на современном этапе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4164-2445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vandysheva</surname><given-names>Darya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вандышева</surname><given-names>Дарья Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student of the Medical Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент Медицинского института </p></bio><email>d_vandyshevaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7984-9053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnoglazova</surname><given-names>Ksenia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красноглазова</surname><given-names>Ксения Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Virology with a course in Clinical Immunology and Allergology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры иммунологии, микробиологии и вирусологии с курсом клинической иммунологии и аллергологии </p></bio><email>kseniapopova08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Mordovia State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-30"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Vandysheva D.A., Krasnoglazova K.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Вандышева Д.А., Красноглазова К.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vandysheva D.A., Krasnoglazova K.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вандышева Д.А., Красноглазова К.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medbiosci.ru/MedBiotech/article/view/287807">https://medbiosci.ru/MedBiotech/article/view/287807</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic><bold>Introduction. </bold></italic>Recently, the issues surrounding the treatment of food allergies have become increasingly significant due to the rising number of cases, particularly in the pediatric population. Food allergy represents a serious public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide, as it can trigger a wide range of clinical manifestations – from mild symptoms to life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. <italic>The aim of this study</italic> is to systematize and evaluate data from contemporary publications dedicated to the use of oral immunotherapy in the management of food allergies.<italic><bold>Materials and methods. </bold></italic>An analysis was conducted of scientific works selected using the keywords “food allergy”, “IgE-mediated food allergy”, “anaphylaxis”, “food allergy treatment”, and “oral immunotherapy” from a corpus of fulltext articles published between 2018 and 2025. The review includes 22 out of 90 analyzed Russian and international sources, filtered through the PubMed electronic scientific library over the past seven years.Results. The rising prevalence of food allergies necessitates the development of novel treatment methods, as conventional approaches often prove insufficiently effective, particularly in patients with severe forms of allergy. A promising therapeutic strategy is oral immunotherapy, which may enhance patients' quality of life by reducing the risk of severe allergic reactions.<italic><bold>Discussion and conclusion. </bold></italic>Oral immunotherapy offers significant benefits for patients with food allergies. The most important of these is the reduction in the risk of severe reactions upon accidental exposure to the allergen due to gradual desensitization, which increases the tolerance threshold and reduces the need for a strict elimination diet. Oral immunotherapy improves quality of life by alleviating psychological burden and anxiety while expanding patients' social opportunities. In some patients, primarily children, oral immunotherapy may lead to long-term tolerance, enabling them to consume the allergen without the need for ongoing maintenance therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic><bold>В</bold><bold><italic>ведение.</italic> </bold></italic>В последнее время вопросы терапии пищевой аллергии становятся все более значимыми на фоне увеличения числа случаев заболевания, особенно в детской возрастной группе. Пищевая аллергия представляет собой серьезную проблему общественного здравоохранения, затрагивающую миллионы людей по всему миру, поскольку способна вызвать широкий диапазон клинических проявлений – от легких симптомов до угрожающих жизни анафилактических реакций. <italic>Цель исследования</italic> – систематизироватьи оценить данные современных публикаций, посвященных использованию пероральной иммунотерапии в лечении пищевой аллергии.<italic><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold></italic>Проведен анализ научных работ, отобранных по ключевым словам «пищевая аллергия», «IgE-опосредованная пищевая аллергия», «анафилаксия», «лечение пищевой аллергии» и «пероральная иммунотерапия» из массива полнотекстовых статей, опубликованных в период 2018–2025 гг. В обзор включены 22 из 90 проанализированных российских и зарубежных источников, отфильтрованных через научнуюэлектронную библиотеку PubMed, за последние 7 лет.<italic><bold>Результаты исследования. </bold></italic>Увеличение заболеваемости пищевой аллергией требует разработки новых методов лечения, так как традиционные подходы часто недостаточно эффективны, особенно у пациентов с тяжелыми формами аллергии. Перспективным методом является пероральная иммунотерапия, которая может улучшить качество жизни пациентов, снизив риск серьезных аллергических реакций.<italic><bold>Обсуждение и заключение.</bold></italic> Пероральная иммунотерапия обладает значительными преимуществами для пациентов с пищевой аллергией. Наиболее важным из них является снижение риска тяжелых реакций при случайном контакте с аллергеном благодаря постепенной десенсибилизации, что повышает порог переносимости и снижает потребность в строгой элиминационной диете. Пероральная иммунотерапия улучшает качество жизни,уменьшая психологическую нагрузку и тревожность, а также расширяя социальные возможности пациентов. У некоторых пациентов, в основном у детей, пероральная иммунотерапия может привести к долгосрочной толерантности, позволяя им употреблять аллерген без дальнейшей поддерживающей терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>food allergy</kwd><kwd>IgE-mediated food allergy</kwd><kwd>anaphylaxis</kwd><kwd>food allergy treatment</kwd><kwd>oral immunotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пищевая аллергия</kwd><kwd>IgE-опосредованная пищевая аллергия</kwd><kwd>анафилаксия</kwd><kwd>лечение пищевой аллергии</kwd><kwd>пероральная иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Schoos A.M., Bullens D., Chawes B.L., Costa J., De Vlieger L., Dunn Galvin A. et al. 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