Обзор диагностических методик для оценки функциональных нарушений психических познавательных процессов при посттравматическом стрессовом расстройстве
- Авторы: Овчинников Д.В.1, Марченко А.А.1, Горбачев М.Д.1
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Учреждения:
- Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова
- Выпуск: Том 27, № 4 (2025)
- Страницы: 559-568
- Раздел: Научные обзоры
- URL: https://medbiosci.ru/1682-7392/article/view/363044
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/brmma683256
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KLGTRP
- ID: 363044
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Аннотация
Посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство становится частым спутником военнослужащих, участвовавших в боевых действиях, и представляет серьезную проблему в контексте нормального социального функционирования данной категории лиц. Отсутствие эффективных реабилитационных программ приводит к закреплению дезадаптивного поведения, препятствующего социальной интеграции. В связи с этим одна из важнейших задач является как можно более раннее начало восстановления психических функций. Анализируется валидность диагностических методик, одобренных программой (моделью) Критериев предметной области исследования, для оценки степени нарушения психических функций при посттравматическом стрессовом расстройстве. Рассматриваются функциональные нарушения при посттравматическом стрессовом расстройстве через призму доменов проекта Критериев предметной области исследования и Международной классификации функционирования, ограничений жизнедеятельности и здоровья. Проанализированы синдромальный полиморфизм посттравматического стрессового расстройства, сложности дифференциальной диагностики и влияние этиологического фактора на клиническую картину заболевания. Выделены 3 основных кластера функциональных нарушений: связанные с поведением в условиях стресса, межличностными взаимодействиями и когнитивными функциями. Предложены диагностические методики и исследовательские парадигмы, которые могут помочь в их оценке и стандартизации. Применение парадигм проекта Критериев предметной области исследования и конструктов Международной классификации функционирования, ограничений жизнедеятельности и здоровья открывает новые горизонты в понимании патогенетических механизмов посттравматического стрессового расстройства и разработке персонализированных терапевтических подходов. Перспективным представляется дальнейшее совершенствование диагностических методик с учетом специфики данного контингента, включая культурно-ментальные особенности данной группы.
Об авторах
Дмитрий Валерьевич Овчинников
Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8408-5301
SPIN-код: 5437-3457
канд. мед. наук, доцент
Россия, Санкт-ПетербургАндрей Александрович Марченко
Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2906-5946
SPIN-код: 1693-5580
д-р мед. наук, профессор
Россия, Санкт-ПетербургМихаил Дмитриевич Горбачев
Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-4279-2515
SPIN-код: 7612-2070
оператор научной роты
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