Neuroimaging in Huntington’s disease

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which effective disease-modifying treatments have not yet been developed. Current diagnosis of HD relies on clinical criteria and genetic testing. However, neuroimaging plays a crucial role in differentiating HD with similar phenotypes and, most importantly, in objectively monitoring the neurodegenerative process, particularly during the development of disease-modifying therapies. Novel technologies and imaging protocols have significantly advanced neuroimaging capabilities in HD patients in recent years. This review presents a range of promising neuroimaging modalities (magnetic resonance morphometry, functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, positron emission tomography, etc.) that assess HD neurodegenerative patterns from multiple perspectives and clarify disease mechanisms and their correlation with clinical manifestations. Further development of these technologies is important not only for neurology but also for neuropharmacology and neurophysiology.