儿童短肠综合征的重症治疗。文献综述
- 作者: Plevako E.A.1, Pshenisnov K.V.2, Alexandrovich Y.S.2, Komissarov I.A.2
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隶属关系:
- St. Mary Magdalene Children’s Hospital No. 2
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
- 期: 卷 15, 编号 2 (2025)
- 页面: 199-212
- 栏目: Reviews
- URL: https://medbiosci.ru/2219-4061/article/view/313002
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/psaic1915
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ALZVVP
- ID: 313002
如何引用文章
全文:
详细
短肠综合征是当代小儿外科和重症治疗领域最复杂的问题之一,常导致生活质量显著下降、致残甚至死亡。本文阐述了关于该疾病发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗的现代理解。并分析了有关儿童短肠综合征重症治疗原则的研究文献。文献检索通过以下文摘数据库和科学电子图书馆进行:PubMed、Cochrane对照试验中心注册库(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials)、eLibrary和CyberLeninka,时间范围为2001年1月至2024年12月。检索所用关键词包括:“синдром короткой кишки”(短肠综合征)、“дети”(儿童)、“интенсивная терапия”(重症治疗)、“парентеральное питание”(肠外营养)、“энтеральное питание”(肠内营养)、“осложнения”(并发症);“short-bowel syndrome”、“pediatric”、“intensive care”、“parenteral nutrition”、“enteral nutrition”、“complication”。纳入标准为:阐述儿童短肠综合征的定义、病程特点及重症治疗原则的相关文献。除展示基础重症治疗原则的指南外,无论其适用于何种年龄段,其余针对成人的研究均被排除在外。最终共纳入62篇相关文献。文章总结了短肠综合征的定义、流行病学、病因、主要危险因素及发病机制,并根据肠道切除范围对其分类及临床表现进行了描述。重点介绍了重症治疗策略和营养支持方法,包括抗菌药物、调节肠道菌群的药物、Ⅱ型胰高血糖素样肽合成类似物以及乳糜再灌注技术的应用。详细阐述了营养支持的基本原则、主要适应证和禁忌证以及长期肠外营养的并发症。文中展示了尽早启动肠内营养必要性的有力证据,描述了评估胃肠功能状态和食物耐受性的诊断测试,并提出了短肠综合征相关腹泻的初始肠内营养支持和矫正策略。论证了采用多学科协作治疗模式的必要性,以实现短肠综合征患儿的早期康复、生理功能恢复及正常发育。
作者简介
Ekaterina A. Plevako
St. Mary Magdalene Children’s Hospital No. 2
Email: katerondo@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-5804-5020
SPIN 代码: 9744-9205
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg
Konstantin V. Pshenisnov
Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: Psh_K@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1113-5296
SPIN 代码: 8423-4294
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgYuri S. Alexandrovich
Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
Email: jalex1963@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2131-4813
SPIN 代码: 2225-1630
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgIgor A. Komissarov
Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
Email: komissarov_i_a@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-5464-4627
SPIN 代码: 3356-9330
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
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