儿童医院的重症救治咨询中心:历史、现状与前景
- 作者: Vaganov N.N.1,2, Rozinov V.M.3, Suvorov S.G.3
-
隶属关系:
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
- Association of Children’s Hospitals
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- 期: 卷 15, 编号 1 (2025)
- 页面: 5-18
- 栏目: Original Study Articles
- URL: https://medbiosci.ru/2219-4061/article/view/312979
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/psaic1871
- ID: 312979
如何引用文章
全文:
详细
论证。在俄罗斯儿科医学中,为危重病儿童提供医疗救助具有特殊重要性,其中包括提供咨询 (包括远程咨询)、患者监测以及将其转运至专业医院。1980年,重症救治咨询中心(resuscitation and consultation center, RCC)的概念由列宁格勒学派的科学家提出,成为该领域的奠基性工作。随后,该体系经历了规模化发展和演变,但缺乏相应的法律法规保障。
目的。本研究的目标是确定当前针对危重病儿童的组织-临床咨询救助形式(包括远程咨询)及医疗转运的模式,分析该领域在俄罗斯各地区的发展趋势,并提出优化紧急与急诊专科医疗援助的前景措施。
材料与方法。本研究采用回顾性观察研究设计,数据来源包括2011—2023年俄罗斯儿童医院协会编制的信息分析报告。 研究采用专家评估法,通过问卷调查收集了2021—2023年俄罗斯74个地区儿童医院负责人对其所在医疗机构相关工作的评估,最终获得59份有效问卷。同时,研究分析了国家及部门规范性文件,以评估其与儿童咨询救助和医疗转运工作的匹配度。数据分析采用描述性统计方法。
结果。2021—2023年期间,共向120 477名儿童提供了医疗咨询和医疗转运服务。各组织形式的参与比例如下:RCC —— 60.9%;成人医院的急诊医疗咨询科 —— 6.7%;区域灾难医学中心及急救与灾难医学中心 —— 5.0%;儿童医院流动医疗队 —— 3.7%;其他结构与功能科室 —— 23.7%。 研究发现,该领域至少使用了10种不同的部门名称,尽管它们在功能上具有相似性。这表明在儿童咨询救助(包括远程咨询)及医疗转运的术语使用和内容框架上缺乏统一标准。儿童医院中RCC的使用频率呈下降趋势,从2006年的44家减少至2023年的18家。这一变化主要归因于缺乏相应的规范性法律依据。
结论。研究证实,在综合性儿童医院内设立专门的结构性部门,命名为“紧急咨询救助与医疗转运科”。
作者简介
Nikolay N. Vaganov
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Association of Children’s Hospitals
Email: nnvaganov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-4063-9362
SPIN 代码: 3875-5040
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowVladimir M. Rozinov
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Email: rozinov@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9491-967X
SPIN 代码: 2770-3752
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowSergey G. Suvorov
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: suvorowww@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8286-3541
SPIN 代码: 5438-1302
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow参考
- Gubler E.V. Experience of application in Leningrad of threat-metric advisory automated system for diagnostics, prognosis and choice of therapeutic tactics in threatening conditions of children with the use of formalized information forms (FIB). Moscow: LPMI; 1986. 46 p. (In Russ.) EDN: XZHUGL
- Shabalov NP, Alexandrovich YS. Eduard Kuzmich Tsybul’’kin the founder of critical and emergency care for children in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg (the 80th anniversary of his birth). Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2018;9(5):131–138. doi: 10.17816/PED95131-138 EDN: YRAEYH
- Shabalov NP, Scherbuk YA, Lyubimenko VA, Simakhodsky AS. Organization of emergency care for newborns in St. Petersburg. Current Pediatrics (Moscow). 2010;9(2):7–10. EDN: MICQDD
- Mukhametshin R.F., Mukhametshin F.G. The efficacy of neonatal emergency aid in the Sverdlovsk region. Clinical Practice in Pediatrics. 2011;6(3):54–58. EDN: OIKOHV
- Aleksandrovich YuS, Cherevatenko RI, Yakunin SA, et al. Use of information technologies in the activity of RRC LODKB. In: Prospects and ways of development of emergency pediatrics. Saint Petersburg, February 03–04, 2006. St. Petersburg: State Pediatric Medical Academy; 2006. P. 34–37. (In Russ.) EDN: XUSRBJ
- Aleksandrovich YuS, Pshenisnov KV, Parshin EV, et al. Role of intensive care consulting centers in reducing infantile mortality. Russian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology. 2009;(1):48–51. EDN: KCKBDN
- Savvina VA, Varfolomeev AR, Nikolaev VN, et al. The role of a resuscitation counseling center in assurance of availability of high-tech medical aid to newborn babies with surgical pathology. Pediatric Surgery. 2013;(6):49–52. EDN: RVLTFV
- Piskunova SG, Sharshov FG, Prometnoy DV, et al. Analysis of the effectiveness of optimized resuscitation and consultative system of emergency medical care for children in the Rostov region. Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2017;8(1):74–81. doi: 10.17816/PED8174-81 EDN: YHGQBF
- Sharshov FG, Spiridonova EA, Rumyantsev SA, et al. Provision of resuscitation and advisory assistance to children in the Rostov Region. Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care. 2011;(3):19–26. EDN: OPUWLH
- Sharshov FG, Spiridonova EA, Rumyantsev SA, et al. The tactics of resuscitation consultant centre in treatment of severe concomitant trauma in children. Polytrauma. 2013;(2):11–15. EDN: QIKLMR
- Zharova AV, Bolshakova IA, Gorbach NA, et al. Experience in using the peer review method in public health care. Health Care of the Russian Federation. 2008;(3):26–29. EDN: JJZQEV
- Trembach AV, Bgane NM, Sushkov VJ. The functioning of pediatric resuscitation-consultation center of Krasnodar Krai. Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care. 2011;(3):16–18. EDN: OPUWKX
- Shmakov AN, Kasymov VA, Alexandrovich YS. Resuscitation-consultative centre. results, problems, perspectives. Emergency Medical Care. 2009;10(3):10–19. EDN: KYINPT
- Gulin AN, Goncharov SF, Garmash OA, Motina NA. Ways of enhancement of system of emergency consultative medical care and of medical evacuation (sanitary aviation) in Russian Federation. Disaster Medicine. 2012;(3(79)):41–44. EDN: PDCALN
- Organization of work of the department of emergency and planned consultative medical aid of the territorial center of medicine of catastrophes: Methodical recommendations: Moscow: All-Russian center of medicine of catastrophes “Protection”; 2000. 27 p. (In Russ.)
- Organization of emergency consultative medical assistance and medical evacuation: methodological recommendations. Moscow: ARCDM «Zashchita» (All-Russian Centre of Disaster Medicine ). 2015. 220 p. (In Russ.)
- Morozov DA, Rozinov VM, Suvorov SG, et al. Business game “high-tech pediatric surgery”: modeling of management decisions in children’s health protection in the far eastern federal district. Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care. 2023;13(4):459–474. doi: 10.17816/psaic1561 EDN: SKWPVC
- Krasheninnikov SG, Taksheev NN, Lapin OV, et al. Organization of the children’s (pediatric) department of the emergency and planned advisory medical care. Pediatric Bulletin of the South Ural. 2019;(1):4–7. doi: 10.34710/Chel.2019.73.58.001 EDN: NCNGJU
- Volkov IE, Toms SR, Dmitriev SN, et al. The role of resuscitation and consultative center in the structural interaction of municipal and regional medical institutions of Ivanovo region. Bulletin of the Ivanovo State Medical Academy. 2007;12(3-4):84–86. (In Russ.) EDN: KWFFGB
- Popov PI, Dolzhikov OP, Suvorov SG. Some problem issues of medical evacuation. Disaster Medicine. 2015;(4(92)):49–51. EDN: VBTSOB
- Shmakov AN, Alexandrovich YS, Pshenisnov KV, et al. Intensive care of children who require interhospital transport (a clinical guideline draft). Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2018;46(2):94–108. doi: 10.18786/2072-0505-2018-46-2-94-108 EDN: XTASBF
- Mukhametshin RF, Kovtun OP, Davydova NS, Kurgan AA. Mortality risk factors in neonates requiring interhospital transport. General Reanimatology. 2023;19(2):23–32. doi: 10.15360/1813-9779-2023-2-2231 EDN: DZSDCY
- Manishchenkov SN. Organization of medical evacuation of newborns of high perinatal risk. Avicenna. 2018;(15):56–60. (In Russ.) EDN: YPNADP
- Morozova NY, Yakirevich IA, Popov AS, et al. Sanitary aviation emergency medical care for children in the neonatal period. Neonatology: News, Views, Education. 2017;1(15):39–46. doi: 10.24411/2308-2402-2017-00015 EDN: YHMLUF
- Mukhametshin RF, Kovtun OP, Davydova NS. Predictors of the need for re-evacuation of newborns from secondary level hospitals. Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care. 2023;13(1):25–36. doi: 10.17816/psaic1487 EDN: ORSIUG
- Maltseva OS, Shelukhin DA, Pshenisnov KV, et al. Model and principles of organizing emergency specialized medical care for children at the stage of medical evacuation. Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations. 2021;(2):52–61. doi: 10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-2-52-61 EDN: RODPMQ
- Novkunskaya AA, Minakov AA, Klepikova AA. Paper body: bureaucratic and legal dimensions of the newborn patient’s trajectory within neonatal care. Sociology of Power. 2024;36(2):8–33. doi: 10.22394/2074-0492-2024-2-8-33 EDN: HQQUZR
- Mustafina-Bredikhina DM. The legal basis of the operation of resuscitation-consultative centers in the Russian Federation. Neonatology: News, Views, Education. 2018;6(1):105–107. doi: 10.24411/2308-2402-2018-00014 EDN: VMIEPE
- The Ljubljana Charter for Health Reform: Adopted by the Member States of the Council of Europe. In: WHO European Conference on Health Reforms. June 17–20, 1996, Slovenia. Ljubljana: WHO; 1996. 21 p.
补充文件

