No 3 (2023)
- Year: 2023
- Published: 30.09.2023
- Articles: 23
- URL: https://medbiosci.ru/2542-212X/issue/view/19140
Full Issue
General problems
Ethnogenesis and region’s genesis in the making of historical Kabardino-Balkaria
Abstract
On the path towards a comprehensive historical understanding of the diverse Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, it is crucial to develop an unbiased and compelling scholarly interpretation of the region's origins. The interplay between ethnogenesis and the genesis of the region itself holds great significance in this endeavor. This article aims to present the primary findings of a study on the ethnopolitical history of the Central Caucasus during antiquity and the Middle Ages, with the goal of offering a holistic understanding of Kabardino-Balkaria's genesis as a historical entity. The analysis reveals the lack of a universally accepted consensus within the scientific community regarding any major aspect of the ethnic and ethnopolitical history of the Central Caucasus. Nonetheless, the literature examined does not dispute the autochthonous nature of the Adyghe and Karachay-Balkarian ethnic communities, which encompass the Kabardians and Balkars respectively, acknowledging their deep-rootedness in the region of the Central and North-Western Caucasus. An overly individualistic approach to their historical roots would narrow our perspective on the complexity of historical reality. Conversely, a spatial approach allows us to identify not only cultural elements associated with each ethnic group, but also the interactions, interconnections, and cultural exchanges between them. The formation of Kabarda and Balkaria is not merely the result of the ethnohistorical development of their immediate ancestors, but rather a consequence of the political processes that unfolded in the Central Caucasus, marked by shifts in political dominance. The events occurring towards the end of the 14th century facilitated the emergence of Kabarda and Balkaria as independent ethno-socio-territorial entities, unfolding simultaneously in the flat-foothill and mountainous zones of the Central Caucasus. The natural and geographical conditions of the territories occupied by Kabardian and Balkar societies laid the foundation for a close and enduring economic, socio-political, and cultural connection. This gave rise to a distinct spatial-temporal entity - the historical Kabardino-Balkaria.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):14-75
14-75
Medieval and Modern history
"Stavropol is the second homeland". Notes in the margins about the unknown years of the life of I.D. Popko and V.F. Zolotarenko
Abstract
The majority of the lives of Lieutenant General of the Kuban Cossack Army, Ivan Diomidovich Popko, and the Kuban writer and ethnographer Vasily Fedorovich Zolotarenko, their scientific and creative biographies, have been comprehensively examined by historians. However, there remains one segment of their lives that, perhaps, remains the most unexplored and unknown: their childhood and adolescence. This is mainly due to the scarcity of documents covering this period. Official papers provide no information about this particular stage of their friendship. Nevertheless, fragments of information about their early years have been discovered in personal documents. Bits and pieces of such valuable data were uncovered in V. F. Zolotarenko's diary and in I. D. Popko's letters, preserved in the State Archive of the Stavropol Territory. Additionally, a letter from Stepan Ivanovich Romanovsky was found, which mentions the historian's years of study in Stavropol. This publication serves as an appeal for further investigation into this intriguing matter. It is my sincere hope that researchers will unearth additional documents that will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of this hitherto unknown period in the lives of these truly remarkable individuals.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):76-92
76-92
Some features of collecting and recording monetary duties from the population of the Nalchik district in the last quarter of the XIX century. (according to the state of public duties for 1888).
Abstract
The article examines various aspects related to the collection and accounting of monetary obligations from the Kabardian and Balkarian inhabitants of the Nalchik district during the final quarter of the 19th century. In accordance with the official records of public duties for the year 1888, it has been ascertained that the framework of monetary obligations encompassed three categories: 1) state (nationwide) monetary duties (including: smoke tax and cash tax in exchange for serving military service from the Muslim population); 2) zemstvo (regional) monetary duties (in-cluding for the maintenance of members of the Mountain Court and deputies, stage premises, cordon posts and the arrangement of reception rooms for representatives of the population of the district, zemstvo threes in exchange for serving underwater service and for satisfying victims of crimes committed by abreks); 3) public (local) monetary duties (for the maintenance of clergy, local departments, officials and other persons serving with them at their choice and for hire, and for other expenses during management; for the maintenance of schools and teachers and for the repair of school buildings; for the maintenance of temporary village guards). The average indicators of the tax burden per payment subject ("yard," "smoke") for different types of taxes were determined and an approximate total average indicator of the tax burden on the payer was proposed. It was concluded that representatives of the Kabardian and Balkarian population of Nalchiksky district by the end of the 80s. XIX century. were fully integrated into the tax system on the Russian model and deducted funds for the payment of state, zemstvo and public duties.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):93-107
93-107
Norkina E.S. Features of communication of mountain Jews of the Caucasus with the regional and central authorities of the Russian empire in the late XIX – early XX centuries.
Abstract
The article aims to examine the process of establishing a dialogue between the Caucasian Mountain Jews and the representatives of the Russian imperial authorities during the late 19th to early 20th centuries. Within this study, the Mountain Jews actively participate and even take initiative in fostering this dialogue. The primary sources utilized include petitions from the Mountain Jews, community reports, and official correspondence among officials. The author reveals that throughout the dialogue spanning from the latter half of the 19th century to the revolution of 1917, the Mountain Jews consistently find themselves in the position of explaining their identity and potential place among the indigenous peoples of the Caucasus within the legal framework of the Russian Empire. The perseverance and repeated appeals of the Mountain Jews to various authorities not only shed light on their quest for a revision of their legal status, but also enable them to assert themselves on an imperial scale.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):108-122
108-122
Recent history
The Soviet project in the Nogai Steppe in the 1930s–1940s: from collectivization to land reclamation.
Abstract
The publication examines the history of the development of irrigation systems on the territory of the Nogai steppe, as well as the role of land reclamation on the administrative and socio-economic situation of nomadic and semi-nomadic Nogai people during the collectivization of agriculture. Despite the rich historiography on the history of relations between the socialist govern-ment and nomadic peoples, the specifics of the implementation of the Soviet project in the Nogai environment did not become the subject of separate studies, which determines the novelty of our study. Of no small importance in solving the research work is the study of the influence of natural and climatic factors on the transformation of the economic activity of the Nogais in the 1930s and 1940s. The main source base was materials extracted from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the State Archive of the Modern History of the Stavropol Territory. The inclusion of previously unpublished sources in the scholarly realm has enabled us to ascertain the progressive nature of the integration of reclamation technologies into the economic fabric of Nogai life. The intensive development of surface waters facilitated the advancement and modernization of animal husbandry in the steppe region, through the creation of a substantial fodder reserve and the extensive mechanization of labor-intensive tasks in Nogai collective and state farms.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):133-152
133-152
Institute of the Commissioner for the Resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters (1934–1937).
Abstract
This article constitutes a continuation of a publication series exploring the historical backdrop of the North Caucasus Region, focusing on the period when the administrative hub of this vast region resided in the resort city of Pyatigorsk (1934 - early 1937). Its primary focus resides with the State Institute of Commissioners, operating under the auspices of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, overseeing the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters (CMW, Kavmin-vody). Throughout this time frame, Professor V.N. Semenov, at the helm of the Architectural and Planning Workshop within the People's Commissariat of Public Utilities of the RSFSR, crafted a comprehensive project to propel the CMW resorts to new heights. The entrusted execution of this project was assigned to authorized representatives of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, vested with significant powers. Occupying the post of director of the Caucasian Mineral Waters in the 1920s and 30s (and since 1935, also serving as the commissioner of the CEC of the USSR), were esteemed individuals such as S.A. Mamushin, M.I. Ganshtak, A.S. Enukidze, and A.D. Metelev, who skillfully assumed the helm of both Kavminvody and Sochi resorts. The author posits that at this juncture, we should not disregard the invaluable lessons learned from the successful operation of this institute. As a prospective option, the prospect of establishing a dedicated institute for the management of CMW resorts warrants consideration, potentially involving the plenipotentiary representative of the President in the North Caucasus Federal District.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):153-168
153-168
Formation of civil executive committees in the Batalpashinsky department of the Kuban region and the main problems of their activities in 1917.
Abstract
The article covers the development of new administrations on the area of the Kuban region's Batalpashinsky department following the February Revolution of 1917. The study focuses on elected local authorities - civil executive committees - which were established in the region immediately following the revolutionary events. It should be emphasized that, as in the rest of the country, an unusual system of dual authority has emerged in the Batalpashinsky department, with administrative structures in the shape of government commissars and village atamans coexisting with the newly elected authorities. The work focuses on the key issues encountered by civil executive committees during their brief presence in the region. It was determined that the most difficult issue was the land. Within a few months, the new elected authorities, for the most part, have moved quickly from attempts to maintain the status quo in land ownership to broad support for land self-seizures of both state and private holdings.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):123-132
123-132
Housing and life conditions of the population of Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic war.
Abstract
The article investigates the living circumstances of Kabardino-Balkaria's inhabitants during the Great Patriotic War. A comparison of the situation of the number of communal living spaces before and after the republic's temporary possession of its territory by Nazi invaders was carried out. The following factors were highlighted as contributing to the worsening of the housing crisis: the installation of evacuation hospitals in the region, the evacuated population, and considerable demolition of properties by occupants. The experience of state officials and the public in arranging the rehabilitation and building of homes for the region's urban and rural people has been explored. The challenges of delivering water and energy to city dwellers are examined. The characteristics of treatment facilities, bath-laundry facilities, and hairdressing services for the general public are revealed. The status of transportation and communications to suit the population's daily de-mands is assessed. It is decided that by the end of 1945, it was essentially able to reestablish the republic's housing economy, which supplied inhabitants with a minimum of living space and utilities and allowed them to live in the severe conditions of the war. Thousands of residents continued tolive in non-residential facilities such as barracks and other structures. Nonetheless, folks worked diligently, bore pains and tribulations, and linked the betterment of life to the impending Victory.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):169-184
169-184
Security services of the NKVD-NKGB of Kabardino-Balkaria in the fight against German sabotage (1942-1944).
Abstract
The paper considers the most intense period of work of the People’s Commissariats of Internal Affairs and State Security (NKVD-NKGB) of Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic War in their fight against Nazi German sabotage operations. It is shown that purposeful policy to destabilize the Soviet rear has overcome two stages. Security agencies had a hard time dealing with sabotage during the battle for the Caucasus between November 1943 and August 1944. Based on documentary materials, the author reveals the course of work of the NKVD-NGKB bodies in the fight against enemy agents, contribution of individual employees and population to security, special operations in the occupied area. The author concludes that, contrary to the statement of H. Himmler in 1944, sabotage in the Caucasus, including Kabardino-Balkaria, did not bring Berlin the expected results. The invisible front played an important role in maintaining stability of the Soviet rear anddestroying Nazi Germany’s plans to create a “fifth column” in Kabardino-Balkaria.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):185-196
185-196
On the issue of the activities of cultural institutions of Chechen-Ingushetia in 40-kh – early 60-kh XX century.
Abstract
The article explores various facets of cultural life, focusing on the activities of cultural institutions in Chechen-Ingushetia during the 1940s to the 1960s. Following the deportation of the indigenous population to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, individuals from different regions of the USSR were relocated to fill the void. The objective of this study is to illustrate the role of culturalinstitutions during that time, highlighting their significance for the Chechen population, as well as their contribution in mitigating the socio-political crisis that ensued as a result of the USSR leadership's decision to deport certain ethnic groups. The Soviet government provided the resettled individuals with familiar cultural establishments such as theaters, clubs, libraries, and schools. Consequently, this research explores the distinct characteristics of these institutions, analyzes their level of development, and determines their importance in facilitating the return of Chechens and Ingush people to their homeland. Furthermore, new materials and sources pertaining to this research topic have been introduced. The study incorporates materials from the periodical press of that era, specifically the newspaper Grozny Rabochy. Based on the reviewed material, it can be concluded that the shared socio-cultural space, values, and ideals of society possess the capacity to tackle even the most challenging problems, foster unity among people, and aid in overcoming arduous socio-political crises.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):197-208
197-208
Ethnology, anthropology and ethnography
The space of women's lack of freedom in the cinema of Azerbaijan in 1920s–early 1930s.
Abstract
The article explores the impact of Soviet propaganda on Azerbaijani cinema in the 1920s and early 1930s, specifically during the transition from avant-garde to social realism. It analyzes three films as case studies: 'In the Name of God' (1925) by A.-M. Sharifzadeh, 'Sevil' (1929) by A. Bek-Nazarian, and 'Ismet' (1934) by M. Mikayilov. The authors discuss the fight against religion as a social institution and the promotion of Soviet ideals to replace customary law (adat). They identify the boundaries of bodily and mental freedom and highlight the lack of freedom experienced by Soviet citizens. The films particularly emphasize women's rights by addressing a breadth of topics, including the role and position of women in family and society, as well as specific plans of action to integrate them into Soviet society. The danger lies in the familiar and everyday aspects of female oppression, originating primarily from the traditional home as the source of authority. A woman's new life begins with a change in her environment and departure from the patriarchal system of interactions. Azerbaijani films reflect both the socio-cultural context and political objectives, aligning with general Soviet policies while also maintaining a distinct national identity that enhances their impact on the local audience.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):209-219
209-219
About the object collection of the Kunstkamera from Upper Balkaria of Nikolai Adolfovich Bush.
Abstract
Valuable components of the Kunstkamera’s museum collection are two sets donated by Academician Nikolai A. Bush (1869–1941). They are organically connected with the personal biography of this famous St. Petersburg and Leningrad scientist – botanist and florist, geographer and glaciologist, researcher of the glaciers of the Western and Central Caucasus, who made hisfirst Caucasian journey in 1894, and in 1939 the last one. The article deals with one of the collections that arrived at the museum in November 1927 and contains wooden objects from Upper Balkaria: household utensils and agricultural implements. The small collection allows revealing some features of the home life and wooden crafts of the inhabitants of the largest of the five Balkarian societies in a broad historical-cultural context.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):220-250
220-250
Историография, источниковедение, методы исторического исследования
The description of Kabarda by D.A. Milutin in the context of the cauсasus version of russian orientalism foundation.
Abstract
The paper pertains to the analysis of a manuscript authored by D.A. Milutin in the first half of the 19th century, regarding the region of Kabarda. This manuscript, hitherto unpublished in academic circles, has been the subject of our examination. Our endeavor was to uncover the utilization of orientalist clichés by the manuscript's author, in order to depict both the geographical delineations of this ethno-political entity and the ethnography, livelihood, societal structure, and customary legal norms of its inhabitants. A remarkable parallel can be observed between certain aspects of the manuscript and the ideas propounded by E. Said in his discourse on European Orientalism. The researcher drew a comparison between the political framework and traditions of the Kabardian people and those prevalent in Europe. Moreover, the researcher romanticized the region's historical past, employing the conceptof "reverse human progress," along with other typical methodologies embraced by Orientalist thinkers of that era. Concomitantly, D.A. Milutin provided detailed descriptions of the political, social, and everyday existence in Kabarda, thereby endowing the manuscript with an intrinsic value as an original historical and cultural resource for contemporary scholars. It is concluded that, similar to numerous analogous texts produced by Orientalist scholars, the significance of D.A. Milutin's man-uscript lies not in its political arguments concerning the military and economic dominion of the Russian Empire over the Caucasian peoples, or the imperative to extend colonial governance to these ethnic territories
Caucasology. 2023;(3):251-264
251-264
Business production of parts of the Caucasian line directorates in the 30-50s. XIX century.
Abstract
This article explores the bureaucratic documentation of the Caucasian Line during the 1830s to 1850s. The study is centered around an analysis of archival materials from military administrative institutions and structural divisions of the Caucasian Line, as well as organizations with business ties to them. It provides a thorough examination of various document types, such ascirculars, instructions, orders, reports, reviews, correspondences, personnel and logistical records, quarantine office reports, certificates, receipts, petitions (both individual and collective), memoranda, and public appeals from the Caucasian military administration. Special attention is given to the operational structure of line institutions across different levels of the military-administrative hierarchy, as well as their interactions with external financial and custom bodies. The study also touches upon the formal relationships between the Caucasian military administration and local judicial and administrative centers, particularly in regards to the indigenous population of the region. Furthermore, the article analyzes the mechanisms of paperwork within the Russian administrative apparatus during the development of the Caucasus. The research assesses the informative value of specific document groups in exploring different aspects of the operational scope of line administrative institutions. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the practical significance of the examined materials and suggests potential directions for further research where these identified document groups may prove useful.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):265-281
265-281
Documentary support of the activities of the bailiff department of the Balkarian people in 1846-1858.
Abstract
The article considers the peculiarities of documentary support for the activities of the bailiff administration of the Balkarian people in 1846-1858. Various types and functionalities of management documents (prescriptions, reports, petitions, relations, statements, lists, accounting books, reporting documents, etc.) were analyzed. It was established that the bailiff throughout the entire period of activity produced administrative, reporting, reference and information documents and documented information on the personnel of employees. The office documentation of the Office is considered in two aspects: 1) ensuring its external communication; 2) used to manage its own activities. Separately, written documents compiled following the results of mediator proceedings with the participation of employees of the bailiff department of the Balkarian people were considered. It was concluded that the documentation of the active bailiff department of the Balkarian people was built on the basis of the achievements of the Russian clerical culture and the principles of the administrative hierarchy of officials and the delimitation of subjects of jurisdiction between sectoral institutions.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):282-292
282-292
The problem of repatriation of Circassian immigrants from the Ottoman empire in the second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries in the documents of the archives of Russia and Georgia.
Abstract
The documents analyzed in the article are classified into 2 types – office documentation and regulatory legal acts. Documents of the 1st type are divided into 2 groups depending on the departments of their compilation and functions. The 1st group includes documents of diplomatic correspondence: official letters, reports and dispatches of Russian ambassadors in the Ottoman Empire to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire and Russian consuls and vice-consuls in the regions of the Ottoman Empire to Russian ambassadors in Constantinople; official letters and dispatches of Russian consuls and vice-consuls to the Chief of the General Staff of the Caucasian Army. They contain information about the immigration process of Circassians to the Ottoman Empire and the appearance of a problem of their repatriation. The 2nd group includes documents drawn up by military officials in the Caucasus: instructions from the Main Directorate of the Viceroy of the Caucasus to lower-ranking commanders of subdivisions, heads of regions and territories, instructions from the Commander-in-chief of civil authority in the Caucasus to governors-general and heads of regions and districts of the Caucasus region, etc., reports of the military officials to higher levels, attitudes between departments of the empire. According to these documents, at the beginning of 1861, military officials in the Caucasus drew up instructions to their subordinates, which contained rules regarding North Caucasian repatriates. Similar documents were accepted by tsarist officials in the Caucasus and at the beginning of the 20th century.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):293-317
293-317
The political and ideological transformation of kabardian and balkar societies in the 1920s-1930s: towards the historiography of the problem of the Soviet period.
Abstract
The article examines various aspects pertaining to the evolution of Soviet historiography in relation to the political and ideological changes within the Kabardian and Balkar societies during the 1920s-1930s. This particular period holds significant importance in the modern history of Kabardino-Balkaria, as it was during this time that the Kabardians and Balkars were compelledto adapt to a drastically transformed socio-cultural and political-ideological landscape, with lasting effects on their ethnocultural identity. The foremost alterations entailed the establishment of national autonomy, the formation and extensive integration of indigenous personnel into the public administration system, and a radical shift in the fundamental principles of national culture. It is crucial to grasp the perception and attitudes of these peoples towards such transformations. The relevance of investigating historiographical issues lies in the ability not only to identify key conceptual approaches surrounding the study of political and ideological changes in Kabardino-Balkaria during the given period, but also to comprehend the primary trends within research practices.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):318-331
318-331
Literature of the peoples of the Russian Federation (literature of the peoples of the North Caucasus)
Axiological details in the essay Seferbi Siyukhov «Batmirza Pedisov».
Abstract
The article acknowledges the axiological constructions that make up the essay by S.Kh. Siyukhov «Batmyrza Pedisov». The introduction briefly describes the main values in Seferbiya Siyukhov's pedagogical, social, and creative activities. The features of his perception of the past and the present are discussed. The focus is on how different perspectives, space and time perception, andthe value of the main character are portrayed in the essay. The circumstances that determined the point of view of the author-narrator are considered in detail. In the course of the analysis, it is shown that whatever the motives that prompted him to capture Batmyrza Pedisov, this image is quite in tunewith the ability of Seferbiy Siyukhov to see the complex interweaving of circumstances, no matter how large they are manifested - in the fate of an ethnic group, clan or individual.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):332-342
332-342
The main periods of Magomet Mokaev's life and creative work.
Abstract
The article presents a comprehensive chronicle of the illustrious Karachay-Balkarian poet, Magomet Khasuevich Mokaev (1939-2007). It delves into the significant milestones of his life and writing career, offering a succinct portrayal of the primary domains of his poetic endeavors. Moreover, it highlights his remarkable contributions to the cultural fabric of the Balkar people, encompassing his prowess in translation and editing, achievements in the realm of versification, notable advancements in the sonnet genre, and noteworthy publications in children's literature, among others.Conducting an exploration of his poetic collections, namely "Zhuregimi tebiyu" ("Beating of My Heart" (1960), "Jugutur muyuz" ("The Resounding Horn" (1967), "Duniya zharygy" ("Radiance of the Universe" (1976), "Ak biyikleni zhyrlary" ("Songs of White Peaks" (1979), "Azat Ayaz" ("The Liberating Breeze" (1976), "Zhetegeyle" ("Caravan Star" (1980), and "Zhashau Tirmeni" ("Wheelmill of Life" (1996), we discern the poet's profound engagement with timeless themes, while reveling in the melodious cadence and rhythmic tapestry of his verses. Resonating harmoniously within his poetry, the organic fusion of folklore elements and the rich tapestry of world literary traditions are encountered. Algyshi (blessings), songs, and the judicious use of proverbs permeate the lyrical tapestry. The paper adopts hermeneutic, cultural, and semiotic approaches to its analysis.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):343-353
343-353
The theme of creativity and the image of the artist in the story "Blue snows" by Isa Kapaev.
Abstract
The article delves into the exploration of the development of the theme of creativity and the portrayal of the author-artist in the story titled "Blue Snows" by the Nogai writer, Isa Kapaev. It recognizes that the writer's creative search is conducted through the lens of the postmodernist concept, drawing from the experiences of conceptualization of this theme in global, Russian, andnational literature. Within the body of the author's works, this theme serves as a recurring motif, with the image of the artist embodying one of its central aspects. The article showcases this thesis by referencing I. Kapaev's works, which reflect the profound drama encompassing the personal andcreative consciousness of the protagonist named Karamov – an alter ego of the writer himself.The destiny of the artist Aidar Karamov, the protagonist in the story "Blue Snows," intertwines with the life stories of other Karamovs, individuals within the realm of art and the heroes present in I. Kapaev's works during the twilight of the Soviet era as well as the transitional decadesbetween the 20th and 21st centuries. The author's conceptual vision and the means through which it is executed in the story are interpreted within the framework of postmodernist aesthetics and poetics, utilizing hermeneutic, semiotic, and typological approaches. Emphasis is placed on how the evolution and rebirth of the protagonist's consciousness, as described by the author, lend themselves to a profound contemplation of the contemporary challenges faced by art: the quest for the ideal, the significance of maintaininga connection with the cultural soil from which true inspiration springs.Furthermore, the article explores the theme of reverence towards art, the nurturing attitude towards talents, the unwavering dedication to one's calling, and the resistance against the temptations of prioritizing material wealth over the attainment of the ideal through the creative process. As the foundation for analysis, the article draws upon the text of the aforementioned story un-der scrutiny, as well as other works by I. Kapayev composed in their original language. Translations into Russian were employed as a reference for quotations..
Caucasology. 2023;(3):354-371
354-371
Проблемы современного общества и экономики
Dagestan Russians in the era of sociocultural transformations (late XX – early XXI century): consequences and ways to overcome negative trends.
Abstract
The article examines the demographic situation and social well-being of Russians in Dagestan and the North Caucasus during the era of sociocultural changes and transformations in the second half of the 1980s using literary sources and population census materials, as well as chronological, diachronic, structural-system, and actualization methods. XX – the start of the twenty-first century. This includes "perestroika," the collapse of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation with the establishment of a new paradigm of state and social structure, globalization, modernization, and urbanization processes, economic reforms, the rise of religious extremism, the Russian-Chechen armed conflict of 1994-1996 and 1999-2009, and so on.In general, these activities and events harmed the well-being and social well-being of Dagestan Russians, resulting in a large exodus from Dagestan. The adopted state program to assist Russians living in and returning to the Republic of Dagestan was inadequate and did not halt this bad trend. According to the author, the Russians have recently lost their high status position in the region, which was established in the North Caucasus ethno-social hierarchy throughout the prerevolutionary and Soviet periods. To regain this status, a comprehensive program to create safe and comfortable living circumstances for them in the region must be developed.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):372-385
372-385
Ethno-social processes in in the north caucasian society: challenges and response.
Abstract
The authors of this article have undertaken the task of examining the primary trajectories of ethnosocial phenomena in the North Caucasus during the post-Soviet era and their interaction with the Federal Center and the broader Russian region. The objective of the study is to explore the correlation between ethnosocial developments within the regional society and Russia’ssocio-economic strategy. The emergence of a new path for regional development has exacerbated the challenges surrounding ethnosocial self-determination in the North Caucasus, particularly during a period of economic reforms. Esteemed scholars, alongside the article itself, have shed light on this issue. It is worth noting that an exploration of transformational processes within the regional context during the post-Soviet period will serve as a crucial step towards comprehending the intricacies of ethno-social interaction between the central and regional authorities in the forthcoming decades. In light of this, the article focalizes on various aspects of disintegration within the realms of social, economic, and cultural interaction between these two tiers of governance. Drawing from data collected during a study conducted in 2015-2016 in the North Caucasus region, which was subsequently published in a collaborative work by Dzutsev, Atabieva, and Khubiev, the analysis hones in on the extent to which the population of the North Caucasian republics are oriented towards key material and spiritual values, as well as their assessments of essential considerations, such as material security and value orientation.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):386-402
386-402
Essays, notes, reviews
Ketenchiev Mussa Bakhautdinovich – 60 years
Abstract
Доктор филологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой карачаево-балкарской филологии Кабардино-Балкарского государственного университета им. Х.М. Бербекова, заслуженный деятель науки КБР, член Российского комитета тюркологов при Отделении историко-филологических наук РАН – Кетенчиев Мусса Бахаутдинович – один из видных карачаево-балкарских языковедов, областью научных интересов которого является семантика и прагматика языковых единиц (на материале тюркских языков), в частности синтаксическаясемантика карачаево-балкарского языка. С 2008 г. и по сей день М.Б. Кетенчиев заведует кафедрой карачаево-балкарской филологии (с 2017 г.кафедра карачаево-балкарской филологии).Коллектив кафедры карачаево-балкарской филологии Кабардино-Балкарского государственного университета им. Х.М. Бербекова от души поздравляет Муссу Бахаутдиновича Кетенчиева с юбилеем, желает доброго здоровья и успехов в деле процветания родного языка, а также новых свершений на благо отечественной науки.
Caucasology. 2023;(3):403-406
403-406