Nº 4(115) (2023)

As the first regional branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences has been established in Siberia in 1957, a new stage of scientific exploration of the region began. For the first time, research has become systematic rather than isolated. The efforts of prominent scientists yielded fundamental results. The scientific heritage of the founders of scientific schools and institutions of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is a relevant and important asset of modern culture, which requires comprehensive study and development. The paper presents the key approaches to the study of scientific heritage of distinguished scholars. The study subject is scientific schools as a framework for the establishment and development of academic institutions in Siberia; their history reflects the crucial milestones in the evolution of fundamental knowledge and scientific exploration of the region.

The study provides the main theses of a historical study of city cinemas of the Soviet era (on the example of Moscow, Leningrad, and Chelyabinsk). In this study, the cinema is studied as a social space, which, which French sociologist Henri Lefebvre believed consisted of three levels: how it is planned and implemented in a material form; how it functions in the actual conditions of its time; and how it is experienced and interpreted by its the users (audience). Based on this concept, the study investigates the system of Soviet management of cinemas, their architectural images in the urban landscape, the problems of operating cinemas, and audience’s opinion on ‘going to the cine ma’. The key conclusions of the study indicate that, on the one hand, cinemas were a social space of cultural recreation for Soviet citizens, and, on the other hand, films, cinemas' architecture, and the events hosted in the cinemas were aimed at promoting Soviet ideological beliefs.

For successful development, modern socio-economic ecosystems require mastering and using advanced technologies for risk management. The purpose of this study is to analyse the methodological problems of identifying risk factors when a business enters a socio-economic ecosystem resulting from changes in the environment characteristics and digitization of the economic space. In this study, the authors use the methodology and applied tools of the operational theory of risk management and systemic economic theory to investigate the risk management and identify its features. It is substantiated that socio-economic ecosystems built on digital multi-stakeholder platforms can be viewed as fundamentally new socio-technological institutions. The paper demonstrates different levels of risk management within the digital ecosystem and the emergence of a new tool  user or consumer control  in risk management. The paper reveals that risk management in modern socio-economic ecosystems is tightly linked to the values of the new generation of consumers: safe environment and overall socially responsible businesses.

The analysis of the theoretical heritage of philosophical science in Leningrad / St. Petersburg appears relevant for a better understanding of the characteristics of how philosophy was formed and shaped in Russia. There were various philosophical schools and trends (philoso phy of science and culture, social philosophy and history of philosophy) in the city, which had a significant impact on the national philosophical science. Of crucial value is the concrete analysis of institutional and socio-cultural aspects of the development of philosophical culture in St. Petersburg, as well as the study of the most important results of the philosophers who workedin Leningrad/St. Petersburg, the forms and methods of how they mastered the world’s philosophical thought – thereby significantly expanding the understanding of the theoretical and axiological features of Russian philosophy and culture.The paper primarily focuses on the philosophy of science and culture in Leningrad/St. Petersburg in the latter half of the 20th and early 21st centuries, as these philosophical subjects were the ones that caused the significant transformation of philosophical knowledge from dogmatic Marxism to a multitude of different philosophical products. The authors analyse the ideas of members of the Leningrad school of philosophy of science: Vladimir Svidersky, Vladimir Bransky, Vasily Tugarinov, and Victor Stoff; these figures, through the synthesis of scientific and philosophical concepts relevant in Europe of the 20th century and the original interpretation of Marxism, produced solutions to other philosophical problems, thus initiating the emergence of new philosophical subjects. Also, the authors study how philosophy of culture was developing in St. Petersburg, as represented in the studies of: Moisey Kagan, Yury Solonin, Evgeny Sokolov, Valery Savchuk, Andrey Demichev, Elmar Sokolov, Vyacheslav Sukhachyov; as well as the establishment and development of the history of Russian philosophy through the works of Anatoly Galaktionov, Pyotr Nikandrov, Alexander Zamaleev.

The problem of relations between secular and religious beliefs is topical in modern Russian society; its importance is largely determined by the growing internal risks and threats, including extremist and protest movements, the spread of crisis patterns of spirituality, and citizens’ involvement in destructive quasi-religious practices. Preservation of Russia’s spiritual and moral culture is one of the priorities of the national security, a guarantee of national sustainability and stability in the face of the expansion of socio-cultural practices and ideological narratives alien to Russian traditions and values. This study focuses on the search for constructive frameworks for cooperation between the state, religious institutions and society. Research team’s work resulted in the following achievements: identified historical and philosophical perspectives on secularism; justified choice of discourse analysis as a methodological basis for the study of secularism and religiousness; defined the idea of secularism as a complex interrelations of secular and religious worldviews; outlined the boundaries of understanding secularism in the context of theological discourse; identified and described risk areas of public discussions on the role of religion in a modern scientific space; identified negative scenarios of development of relations between the state, church and society; analysed the impact of the digital environment on the attitude of young people to the problems of faith, religion, morality; analysed the vectors of transformation of the boundaries of religiousness and secularity in the digital environment; developed a classification of media sources publishing religious content, described their main strategies, identified potential risks and threats; developed recommendations for public authorities to assess and monitor the Internet environment for destructive religious trends.

The paper reviews the results of the project ‘Poetics and Textology of Vladimir Mayakovsky’s Notebooks (1917–1930)’. In the course of the research, we studied manuscripts of the Mayakovsky State Museum (68), the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (4), and private collections (2). On this basis, and with account of Varvara Arutcheva’s work Mayakovsky’s Notebooks (1958), theoretical and practical experience of preparing ego-documents of other writers, the author developed principles relevant to Mayakovsky’s notebooks. In previous complete collections of Mayakovsky’s works, the notebooks were only partially used in the sections ‘Variations and Discrepancies’ and ‘Unused Lines and Rhymes’. The study noted the genre diversity of creative writings. The notes reveal about 500 names from Mayakovsky’s social circle. The author created a unified digital archive of Mayakovsky’s notebooks. The methodology of their transcribing, copying and commenting validated during the study of notebooks was put to practical use in the Vladimir Mayakovsky’s Complete Works in 20 volumes, where the notebooks have been first published in their entirety as an independent section.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the connection between the non-normative forms of behaviour of schoolchildren with young people's satisfaction with the attitude of significant persons (parents, teachers, peers), as well as personal traits, such as self-confidence, accountability and self-regulation. The study is based on the views of the ecopsychological approach to the study of mental development and was conducted in a comprehensive school. The study involved 698 students of grades 8–11. The author used own methods ‘Personal Resource of Schoolchildren’ and ‘Academic Indolence, or Reasons for Reluctance to Learn’. Results of descriptive statistics and validation permitted us to proceed to the research tasks. The hypothesis of a significant association between dissatisfaction with the attitudes of significant persons and disturbing use of digital devices (teachers ,458; parents ,431), tendency to violate rules (teache rs ,422; parents ,417) and tendency to suicidal feelings (teachers ,434; parents ,692; peers ,452) at a significance level of p<0.001 was confirmed (Spearman). Such personal traits as self-confidence, accountability and self-regulation can be viewed as a condition of normal behaviour. Applied value of the results of the study lies in the development of psychological tools to prevent abnormal behaviour of young people by educating teachers on the harmonization of relationships. The developed methods may be of interest for the school psychology staff.