卷 1, 编号 4 (2015)
- 年: 2015
- ##issue.datePublished##: 15.12.2015
- 文章: 9
- URL: https://medbiosci.ru/2587-6953/issue/view/20052
完整期次
ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ
Variation of phraseological sentences as a reflection of their dual grammatical nature
摘要
It is devoted to the problem of phraseology in syntax, not studied enough yet. The notion of phraseology in linguistics is perceived first of all as connected with lexical structure of language. But in syntax constructions this phenomenon is presented widely and figuratively. One type of syntax phraseological units are the sentences of phraseological structure (PS). Their basic essential grammatical peculiarities are considered. PS are build up according to phraseological model, which includes: constant, fixed components, that means reserved words in their secondary use, defining their composition and phraseological meaning and free, variable component, which is lexically free, due to this there can be build many utterances on one model. Compare: Тоже мне город; Тоже мне праздник; Тоже мне помощник (That’s not a city; That’s not festival; That’s not an assistant). Thus, PS have dual nature, combine features of phraseological units and features of sentence. Basic part is devoted to variation of PS. This aspect of analysis is not chosen accidentally: variation is a characteristic feature of PS and that is what they are different from lexical phraselogical units. The variation of building is not a characteristic feature for them. The aim is to analyze the reason of PS variation and to reveal the ways of its appearance. It is shown, that variation is the confirmation and appearance of their grammatical essence, their dual nature. Some variants of PS reflect their phraseological nature, others are conditioned by their syntactic features. The variants of first type are conditioned on the word of constant type is replaced by another, both lexically and grammatically wasted (Какой / Какое / Где / Куда там прочитал! (But that won’t do to read!)). The variants of the second type are conditioned on by sentence features of FS, but grammatical features of free component define the form of constant, compare: Какой это певец, Какой он певец, Какая это певица, Какая она певица: (What a singer, She / He is not a singer) but only: Какой это праздник (What a festival). Variations of FS do not conflict with phraseological nature of FS as it is realized within strict frames of their stability and repeatability.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):5-11
5-11
Fixed phrase scheme “ V finit + and + V finit !” in the Russian language system
摘要
It is devoted to the description of fixed phrase scheme of the modern Russian language with the base element “and”. The urgency is caused by the untested nature of objective space and its high relevance in practice of communication. The following methods were used in the research: descriptive method, component analysis of the sentence’s semantic structure, syntactic modeling, phraseological analysis, transformational method, the method of phraseographical portraiture and etymological, contextual and discursive analysis. Phrase scheme with the base element “and” is described in structural, semantic, etymological, paradigmatic, syntagmatic, stylistic, phraseological and functional aspects. The phraseological status of the following fixed phrase scheme and its membership of the language phraseological subsystem is substantiated. It is established that this fixed phrase scheme has two binding components (constant and variable). It is characterized by the features of reproducibility, structural-semantic stability and integrity, idiomaticity and expressivity, has immutable structure as a model for building similar sentences-utterances. It is proved that the fixed phrase scheme expresses not only propositional, but also phraseosyntactical meaning. In general, the base element “and” is frequent enough in practice of speech communication, because of its systemic and functional characteristics. Its use in colloquial speech increases the effectiveness of the communication process, gives it a relaxed character.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):12-17
12-17
Peculiarities of Russian nicknames’ inner form
摘要
Considering word-forming possibilities of Russian nicknames from the point of view of their national peculiarities marked process. It is established that two basic groups of factors extralinguistic and innerlinguistic influence the development and existence of such anthroponymic units as nickname not depending linguistic status – lexical or grammatical. Each of them is build up from wide amount of components, the set of which is individual for this onomastic event. The link between nickname and derivative is realized by special motivation: semantic conditionality is replaced by extralinguistic conditionality (language game, the fame of the name, typicality, popularity, precedent, connotation and etc.). National specifics of thinking is not derivative of language, but it is derivative of reality. Language does not only reflect in its semantics and points at the difference, which are marked for people, living on the special territory because of some reasons, but it describes national specifics of language units’ meanings. It is proved, that the main rule according to which the realization of word-forming potential of nicknames occurs is the rule of regulations, system and norms of derivative formations in language. The language chooses only those of wide range which correspond to morphonological peculiarities of the producing basis. The study of nicknames establishes that the notion of word’s inner form are much wider; that just motivation which unites a full raw of additional features.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):18-22
18-22
ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ
“And the dragonfly will gaily spread my love…” (the insect motives in M. Kuzmin’s love poetry in 1910–1920)
摘要
The images of winged insects as a motif of flight manifestation in Kuzmin’s poetry are considered. The flight is represented as an essential way to transfer from the real to unreal world. Special attention is devoted to the concept of mysterious world in which the lyric hero is staying and the contamination of ancient Greek and Slavic traditions in the image of wings realization. The main images of winged insects (butterfly, moth, bee) which is significant for Kuzmin’s poetry of 1910–1920 are defined. The image of winged ancient Greek goddess Psyche is contrastively analyzed in the poems “Angel evangelizing” (1919) and “Fidesapostolica” (1921). The variants of this image represent the manifestation of “capricious syncretism” in Kuzin’s poetry. The motif of insect’s movement and stopping, correlating with the human soul’s motion and achievement the emotional aim, is analyzed in poems basing on the examples of poems “Come to me quickly, Teodor and Conrad…” (1924) and “On the ground children dance…” (1921). Phonetic peculiarities in the poem “To the black rainbow of fly’s wing” (1921) are considered, the role of different kinds of rhyme in the text structure is defined. The metaphoric capability to fly is denoted as one of the main characters of amorous man in M.A. Kuzmin’s prose and poetry.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):23-28
23-28
A.V. Zhigulin’s writer diary in historical and literary context
摘要
The natural connection of space-time coordinates in the diary of the eminent poet and writer, former prisoner of Stalinist camps, the native of the Voronezh region A.V. Zhigulin (1930–2000) are examined. Periodization of writer’s creative path is specified, the features of the chronotope in his diary, the books that he started in 1954, while still being in prison as an “enemy of the people” are identified. The main themes of the narrative (his own work, a literary process as a whole, the events in the country and the world, personal and family life) are identified. The unique nature, cultural and historical value of famous writer’s works are emphasized. Notebooks and workbooks of A.V. Zhigulin, received in 2011–2013 for permanent storage together with other materials from writer’s archive in the Voronezh literary Museum of I.S. Nikitin, and open up new, previously unknown pages of his life and work, extra touches to the history of Russian journalism and literature are made. A.V. Zhigulin’s writer diary objectively and naturally reflects the attitude of the democratic part of the Soviet intelligentsia to the socio-political and socio-cultural processes that occurred in our country in the second half of XX century. The conclusion is made on preparation expediency of literary and historic document with commentaries of specialists.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):29-34
29-34
Artistic image of space in E.I. Harlanov’s poetry
摘要
The artistic image of space in E.I. Harlanov’s poetic texts is analyzed. The creativity research of this Tambov poet is relevant because very little scientific works are devoted to his text content. The reference to an artistic image of space is caused by that this image takes the central place in creativity of the poet. The basic method of research is hermeneutic method, which presupposes process of comprehension of the text sense. E.I. Harlanov’s poems are analyzed including the collection of the poems “At a roadside stone”: “The horse in twilight”, “On the edge of summer…”, “At the summer residence”, “Carpet-dream”. Basing on the example of these poems analysis it is concluded that the space in E.I. Harlanov’s poetry is complex and multivariate. The way of space speaks image much about outlook of the author. Without the thoughtful analysis of this concept it is impossible to solve to the full complex of E.I. Harlanov’s poetry philosophical sense. For E.I. Harlanov the world around appears frequently as connection of several spaces, which can be both usual material and unreal, created as imagination of the poet. In each concrete poem the image of space frequently serves in the way of the basic text sense transfer.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):35-41
35-41
МЕТОДИКА И МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ
Methodological aspects of studying Russian literature in Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (of teaching experience)
摘要
It is written on the basis of experience in teaching Russian literature in Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Methodological basis of teaching in the national high school in the light of new educational and pedagogical paradigms related to the implementation of competence approach and the concept of Eurasianism is disclosed. In the context of the global crisis the concept of Eurasianism can be positioned as a prototype, a model of new ideas and consciousness of culture, more going away from Eurocentrism. In the process of teaching and learning courses in Russian literature of Kazakhstan it is important to draw the attention of the audience to a deep understanding of specific examples of creativity of different authors to the fact that the literary process of sovereign Kazakhstan continues to the next level dialogue of cultures of the East and the West. The concept “dialogue of cultures” and the possibility of its practical application on concrete examples and the study of literary history and special courses on the history, poetics and genres of Russian literature are highlighted in detail. For in-depth study of the literature in the situation of “cultural globalization” particularly relevant and productive seems to focus on the interaction of the previously established traditions and new historical and cultural paradigms, their correlation and interactions will inevitably lead to dialogue. The need to revitalize the idea of a new type of scientific and theoretical thinking, associated with the dialectical-logical process of knowledge transforming as a result of global trends towards integration and globalization of scientific knowledge is discussed.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):42-47
42-47
Relevant tendencies of Kazakhstan linguodidactics
摘要
Developments of Kazakhstan scientists, connected with tendencies and directions of modern linguodidactics are reviewed. It is marked, that the formation of competences is viewed as central language education by researches. The thesis about communicative approach foreground, aimed at formation and development of competences was the condition for innovative technologies and teaching methods development. The functional-communicative teaching technologies peculiarities, technologies of linguistic programming, active teaching methods and also work where intercultural-communicative is considered to be basic competence. It is shown that post-Soviet peoples’ language culture has two sides. First of all, these are native language and Russian language speech cultures. But they should not be opposed. Both native and Russian languages as international communication language are relevant in Kazakhstan educational space. Lately foreign language has been becoming more important. It is proved, that the problem of transparent technologies and technical approaches, spreading over different educational stages – school, college, institute of higher education is very prospective nowadays. According to the idea of continuity and succession interpreting modern education as open, flexible, mobile system, providing the possibility of continuous education and development during all life was shown that transparent technologies are able to provide conditions both for narrow direction and for multi-sided language personality preparation.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):48-52
48-52
Content and structure of personality’s speech competence
摘要
Content-structural essence of personality’s speech competence, its significance are considered. The attention is paid to the necessity to study and successfully design the process of the studied competence formation in complex because the grade of mastering speech competence reflects professional and personal level of specialist’s development and the competence itself takes an important place among components of linguistic education. It is an important connecting-link in language competence and communicative personality competence. Different approaches to the notions speech competence, language personality, performance are analyzed. The complexity of their natural alliance is proved. Speech competence characterizes the level of language personality development, it is the result of mastering performance, initiates it and at the same time improves in this activity because it is the basis of communication and it evolves in the communication process. Linguists consider speech competence as an ability to create and understand different types of discourse and that is why they call speech competence discursive. The definition of speech competence which consists in free practical speech possession in this language, the ability to speak correctly, fluently both in a dialogue and monologue, to understand the oral and written speech, including the ability to produce and understand speech in every functional style. It includes motivational-aimed content and personal components and performs different functions: cognitive (reflection), informative (message, expression), communicative (influence), stimulating (motivation). The necessity to form speech competence of the institute graduates, especially from the pedagogic faculties, is one of key factors as it provides personal development and level of society development in general.
Neophilology. 2015;1(4):53-61
53-61